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How to Replace Window Panes

A cracked window pane is a nuisance. This can be an opportunity to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones, and reap benefits like increased comfort, higher resale value and lower utility costs.

It's a project you can take on yourself for only a fraction of the cost of hiring an expert. It requires the right tools and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

If your single-pane windows are old broken, deteriorating or damaged replacing them with more modern glass that is tempered or insulated can improve energy efficiency and reduce noise while preserving the original character of older homes. A majority of homeowners with hand tools can Replace Window Pane windows with ease. Alongside a replacement pane, the following tools are needed for the replacement process: latex glazing putty glazier's points; pliers; and an electric heater to warm the old putty, if needed. Wear safety goggles and gloves prior to starting. Working with broken glass could cause serious injuries.

Begin by removing any broken pieces of glass. This is best done using pliers, but a flathead screwdriver may work in the pinch. Then, use a wood chisel or putty knife remove the remaining old putty from the frame and the sash. Be careful not to damage the window sash window replacement. Take your time and work slowly. This should be done on a ladder, not the ground. Also, ensure that someone below the sash hold it steady.

After you've removed all the old putty, you can prepare the window frame to fit the new pane. Find the width and the height of the opening in the sash, subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). Bring these measurements to the nearest hardware store or home center and have a piece of stock glass cut to size. You can cut the glass yourself if you have the appropriate tools.

After installing the new glass Apply a small amount of caulking on the edges. This will make the glass weatherproof. Install a glazier’s point on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points should not be too tight that they cause friction between the frame and the sash, but they should also not be loose.

Before applying the putty knead it thoroughly until it is smooth and free of lumps. Roll it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the corner of the frame, working from one corner to another to ensure it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are the small triangular pieces of metal which help to secure glass into a window frame without scratching or damaging the fragile surface. Learning how to use these tiny helpers is simple and can save you money on professional installation or the cost of new glass.

After removing the old putty, glazier points, and any other remnants clean the frame thoroughly using a utility knife. If needed it is necessary to lightly sand the wood in the rabbet grooves to smooth out rough areas. If you decide to sand wood, cover it with painter's tape to protect it from damage caused by accidental sanding.

Take the dimensions of the frame and record precise measurements. These measurements can be brought to the hardware or home center store, and the new frame will be cut slightly smaller. This will ensure a tight fit and will allow room for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane in the frame and push firmly using your hands. Then, you can use the point of your chisel, or the back of the putty knife to pierce the glazier's facets, as shown in Figure 11. The glazier's points should sit aligned with the top edge of your pane and the shoulders raised should be just below that lip.

Apply a small amount of glazing compound on the edges of the glass that has been made and into the rabbet grooves to seal and protect them. Allow it to dry completely and cure.

When the glazing compound is dry it's time to put in the new window sash. The first step is to coat the wood with an even layer of linseed. This will keep the new putty from soaking in the moisture and drying out and cracking with time. Apply this coat with a brush or the tip of your putty knife, and then use the chisel or the back end of the putty knife to gently hammer in the new sash and glazier's point into the rabbet grooves. Repeat this process in intervals of 10 inches around the frame.

Putty

A baseball that is thrown or an unintentional rock, or a falling branch can cause a window to break or crack. The majority of windows can be replaced easily by simply putting in a fresh piece. The glass is held in place using tiny metal clips known as a glazier's point, and putty, also called glazing compound. Before you install a new pane, first get rid of the old one and clean up the area with the help of a rag, a pull-type paint scraper or an abrasive wood chisel. Wear safety glasses and gloves while working. If the window is glued to the frame, you'll need use a heat gun to soften the adhesive prior to cutting it loose.

If you are planning to replace the original sash, gently remove the molding pieces that are used to secure the old pane. Then you can sand the sash down to make sure it's flat and ready for new caulk. Once the sash is put back in place, you can apply a silicone caulk on the glass. This will ensure that it doesn't be leaking or fade over time.

Take the glazing points out of the rabbets, the grooves in the sash that the glass sits. If they're difficult to work out, try placing a hand tool like a heat gun over them to soften them up first. When using a heating tool, make sure to avoid damaging the sash and its railings.

Once the old points of glazing and putty have been removed make a bed for the new pane. Roll a piece of glazing compound between your hands, and form it to be around 1/2-inch thick. Then, press it into the rabbets, where the glass will be. It's important that the glass sits on the putty in all places on both sides If you have to, Replace window pane lightly tap the glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack you can fill it with a solvent-based glass glue or silicone caulk prior pressing it into the sash. In other cases, you'll need to putty over the crack to form a tight seal and keep water out. Once the putty is dry remove the oily film off of the glass and let it dry completely before you paint. If you paint before the putty is completely dry, it won't form a solid seal and could discolor or leak in time.

Paint

You may be concerned about replacing a damaged piece of glass. The truth is, replacing a single pane glass doesn't have to be costly even if you do it your own. In fact windows replacement with double panes can be replaced at only a fraction of the cost of an expert.

If you're working with a large glass window, first make sure it is securely fixed to the frame. By using the correct tools and techniques you can make this task relatively easy and fast.

When you are ready to start, remove the old window pane. Pry out the metal glazing points attached to it. These are basically small metal triangles that act as "nails" which hold the window in within the frame of wood. They are buried beneath a layer of glazing putty, which is then cured to form a solid, molded wedge that holds the window firmly in place and hides the window's points.

After you have removed the old pane removed, clean up the surrounding frame and wood. Scrape off any paint and sand down the rabbet grooves, where the glazing points used to be. Sand them to bare wooden surfaces so you can paint the frames with the same color. After the sanding process, apply a coat of flax oil on the wood's surface to extend the life of the frame.

The next step is to measure the dimensions of the window opening. It is necessary to measure the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the entire opening, as well as the thickness. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure that you get a precise size for the new pane. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass during seasonal change. Bring these measurements to your local hardware or home improvement store and have the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.