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An proxy can also be referred to by the name of a proxy. It is software that functions as an intermediary between a client and server on the internet. Without the proxy, a user would send a request for any resource directly to the server and servers would deliver any requested resources directly to the client. Although this method is easy to grasp and use however, the addition of proxy servers could provide advantages including increased performance, privacy and security, and so on. As an additional layer of security, proxies act as a guardian for the internet between servers and clients.

The consensus is that the system of hardware for servers, paired with proxy software is often called proxy servers. But, this article will concentrate on proxies that are traditionally referred to as software, and specifically in relation with web server. We will give a synopsis of the two primary types of proxy services: a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different use, and can be confusing due to the identical namestamp.

This article will give you an idea of the what proxies and their subtypes, and their value for the most common setups. By reading this article you'll understand the situations when you may benefit from a proxy, and decide on the appropriate choice between reverse proxy and forward proxy for any situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy sometimes called open proxy, sometimes referred to as open proxy acts as an agent for a user who wants to send a request via the internet to an source server. In this scenario, every request made by the client will be directed via this forward proxy. A forward proxy in the instead of the user will examine the request. It first will determine if the client is legally authorized to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either refuse requests or send it back to server from which it originated. The client will not be capable of having direct access to the internet; it is only allowed access to the information that the forward proxy gives its access.

A very common uses for forward proxies is greater security or privacy on the internet. A forward proxy is able to access the internet instead of an individual client, and could use an alternative IP address, in contrast to the IP address used by the user.

Based on the way it's set up, and how it's set up, forward proxy may offer a range of features that allow you to:

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  Avoid tracking ads.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Determine restrictions based on geolocation.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used in systems to offer central security and permission based access to the internet, for instance in workplaces. In the event that all internet traffic flows through an open forward proxy layer, administrators are able to restrict access to only certain clients to the internet. This is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of keeping firewalls for the client layer which may comprise a variety of machines with various settings and types of users, the firewall could be placed at the front proxy layer.

Remember that forward proxies must be manually set up to be used, while reverse proxies can be disregarded from the clients. Based on the type of IP address of the client's connection to the server that generated it via the forward proxy privacy and security can be made transparent.

There are many possibilities to consider when deciding on forward proxy options:

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  Apache is an well-known open-source web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx is another well-known open-source webserver which has forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that makes use of the HTTP protocol. The option does not include the entire web server. We recommend you read our article about how for installing Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante is a forward proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this allows it to be more suitable for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. You can also learn how to configure an Dante proxy to allow secure connections within Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy acts as the web server, which handles the requests of customers on its behalf. It can be used as a single server or as a series of servers. Additionally, it can contain an application server like Gunicorn. In all of these scenarios it is possible to send a request through the internet at large. Most of the time, the request is sent directly to the server with all the resources the client requires. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, separating your server from communications with the internet's public.

From a consumer's point of view from a client's perspective reverse proxy is not different from connecting to an internet server direct. It's basically the same, but the client can't discern the distinction. The client asks for the resource, and it then gets it without any additional configuration needed from the client.

Reverse proxies offer features such as:

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  A central layer of security to protect the server.
  
  
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  Directing incoming traffic using rules that you can set up.
  
  
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  A new feature to cache is now available.
  
  

Central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy solutions, reverse proxy providers provide this feature only to only the server layer, it is not available to the client layer. instead of maintaining firewalls on the server level that could contain multiple servers and different configurations, the bulk of firewall security could be directed at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, removing the burden of communicating with firewalls as well as interacting with requests from clients that are not on web servers lets them concentrate solely on delivering the needs of their customers.

If there are multiple servers being hosted through a reverse proxy the reverse proxy manages the routing of requests to which servers. Multiple servers may be providing the exact same service, serving various kinds of resources, or a mix of both. They may utilize an HTTP protocol for functioning as a standard web server, but they can additionally include applications server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy that routes clients to particular servers based on the requested service, or follow certain guidelines for traffic load.

Reverse proxies may also utilize their position before web servers, by providing the ability to cache. Large static files can be set by caching rules to avoid reaching web servers every request. There are solutions offering an option to serve static content directly, without having to interact with the webserver at all. Additionally, reverse proxy can help compress these assets.

The renowned Nginx web server is a well-known reverse proxy choice. While it is true that Apache web server does have reverse proxy capabilities, Apache web server has a reverse proxy capabilities as an added feature available to Apache but Nginx was originally designed to focus on reverse proxy functionality.

Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Examples

Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with a sense of directionality and false comparisons with "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic. They could be confusing because both kinds of proxy servers process requests and respond. A better approach to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy servers would be to look at the requirements of the app you're creating.

Reverse proxy is a crucial aspect in the design of a solution to serve web-based applications via the internet. They serve as servers whenever you connect to the Internet.

Forward proxy is useful to display customers' information for your own use, or even in a workplace. They represent the client's information whenever you interact on the internet.

A distinction based on use case rather than focusing only on similar naming conventions will help avoid confusion.

Conclusion

The article clarified meaning of a proxy with two types, the reverse and forward proxy. Practical applications and an exploration of beneficial attributes were used to determine forward proxies as well as reverse proxy. If you're interested in exploring the role for proxy servers you can learn how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy on Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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