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A proxy, also known as a proxy is also known by the name of a proxy. It is software that acts to act as an intermediary for a client and server on the internet. In the absence of a proxy server, a user would send a request for every resource straight to server and servers would serve the requested resource directly to the user. This is a simple method to understand and use, however using proxy servers can offer advantages including increased speed, privacy and security, among others. As an additional layer of protection, proxies act as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.

The consensus is that the server hardware coupled with installed proxy software is commonly known as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxies traditionally defined as software, and more specifically with respect to servers on the internet. This article will provide a brief overview of the two main kinds of proxies that are a forward proxy and a reverse proxy. Each has its own usage, which can be confusing because of the identical namestamp.

This article will give you an idea of the what proxies and their subtypes, and their value for the most common setups. By reading this article, you'll be able to recognize the situations where you could benefit from a proxy and decide on the appropriate choice between reverse proxy and forward proxy for any circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy sometimes called open proxy, sometimes referred to as open proxy serves as an agent for a user who wants to send a request via the internet to a source server. In this instance, any request sent by the client will rather be handled by an forward proxy. A forward proxy in the place of the client will examine the request. It first will determine if the client is authorized to accept requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then either refuse any request, or redirect it to the server that originated it. The client is not capable of having an internet connection directly; it will only be capable of accessing the information that the forward proxy gives it access to.

A very frequent reasons for forward proxy is greater security or privacy on the internet. Forward proxy connects to the internet instead of a client's individual account, and in the process, it could use an alternative IP address, in contrast to the IP address of the client.

Depending on how it's been configured, based on the way it is configured forward proxy could provide a range of features and allow you to:

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  Avoid tracking ads.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Establish restrictions based upon your location.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used in systems to provide central security as well as permission-based access, like in workplaces. If all internet traffic is routed through a common forward proxy layer an administrator is able to permit only certain users access to the internet, which is blocked by a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls on the client layer, which could include multiple machines with different user configurations, firewalls may be placed the front proxy layer.

Remember that forward proxies must be manually set up to be used, while reverse proxies can be ignored in the eyes of the user. Based on the kind of IP address a client is sent to the server that generated it via the forward proxy privacy and security can either be provided or rendered more transparent.

There are a variety of possibilities to consider when deciding on forward proxy options:

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  Apache is a well-known open-source web server which provides forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Nginx is another well-known open-source webserver which has forward proxy functionality.
  
  
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  Squid: An open source forward proxy that makes use of an HTTP protocol. This option doesn't include the entire web server. We recommend you read our article on how for installing Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante is a forward proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it suitable for scenarios like peer-to-peer traffic. You can also learn how to set up an Dante proxy to allow connection to private networks in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is a web server, which takes care of requests from customers on its behalf. The server could function as a one server, or a number of servers. It could also include an application servers, such as Gunicorn. In all of these scenarios it is possible to send a request via the web in general. Most of the time the request will be sent directly to the web server, along with the resources the client in need of. A reverse proxy serves as an intermediary and separates your web server from communication with the web's public.

From the point of view from a client's perspective reverse proxy use is not different from connecting to an internet server direct. It's functionally identical, however clients aren't aware of the distinction. The client asks for the resource, and it then gets it without any further configuration needed from the client.

Reverse proxies offer features such as:

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  A central layer of security to guard the server.
  
  
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  Controlling traffic inbound based on rules that you can establish.
  
  
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  A new feature for caching has been added.
  
  

Central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this feature to the server layer, only the layer that clients use. instead of maintaining firewalls at the server level which could include multiple servers and various configurations, the majority of firewall security is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the responsibility of dealing with firewalls and responding to requests from clients that are not on web servers allows them to focus solely on meeting the requirements of their customers.

In the event of multiple servers hosted by reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also is responsible for routing requests to the server that is hosting them. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact same service, or serving various kinds of resources, or a mixture of the two. They may use their HTTP protocol for functioning as a normal web server, but they can additionally include protocols for application servers like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy that routes clients to particular servers according to the requested service, or adhere to certain rules for traffic load.

Reverse proxies also can make use of their position prior to web servers, by providing the ability to cache. Large static files can be set with caching rules that prevent getting to web servers for each time a request is made. There are options that provide an option to serve static content directly without having to communicate with the webserver at all. Furthermore, reverse proxy can help compress these assets.

The renowned Nginx web server is a very popular reverse proxy choice. While it is true that the Apache web server does have a reverse proxy capabilities as an added feature available to Apache however Nginx was originally designed to and focuses on the reverse proxy feature.

Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Examples

Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality and inaccurate comparisons to "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic. They can be confusing since both kinds of proxies handle requests and responses. A better approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy servers would be to study the requirements of the app you're building.

Reverse proxy is an important feature in the development of a solution to serve websites on the internet. They function as your servers whenever you connect to the Internet.

Forward proxy can be useful for displaying customers to your personal use or in a work environment. The forward proxy is a representation of the information of the customer when you connect to the internet.

A distinction based on use case rather than focusing only on similar naming conventions will make it easier to avoid confusion.

Conclusion

This article clarified the definition of a proxy. There are two types, the forward and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and an exploration of beneficial attributes were used to determine forward proxies as well as reverse proxies. If you're interested in the use of proxy servers, follow our tutorial on how you can configure Nginx as an internet service and reverse proxy in Apache using Ubuntu 20.04 Server. Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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