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proxy, also known as a proxy is also known as a proxy server a software that sits acting as an intermediary between a server and a client via the internet. Without a proxy, a user could send a request for any service directly from the server and then the server will give the requested resource directly to the user. This method is simple to grasp and use however, the addition of proxy servers can offer advantages in terms of better performance, privacy and security, among other things. Apart from offering a security layer, a proxy acts as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.

In general, the combination of server hardware and the software for proxy installation is often referred to as proxy servers. This article we will focus on proxies traditionally classified as software, and also in the context of web servers. We will provide a description of the two main types of proxies: that is the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each one has its own use situation, and is frequently not understood due to the common naming convention.

This article will give you some understanding about what proxy servers and their subtypes are, and how they can be useful in a variety of configurations. In this article, you'll be able identify situations in which it is beneficial to use a proxy and make the right choice between forward and reverse proxy depending on the scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

An forward proxy sometimes known by the name of an open proxy acts as an agent for a user who is trying to make a request via the internet to an source server. In this scenario every request made by the user will be sent through the forward proxy. This forward proxy acting in the client's stead will review the request. It first decides if the client is authorized to accept requests from this particular forward proxy. It will then either reject requests or redirect it to the source server. It's not able to directly connect directly to internet. It is only able to access the information forward proxy allows it to access.

The most common reason for using forward proxy is to provide more privacy or security while surfing the web. A forward proxy can connect to Internet as a "client", and in this way, it assigns an alternative IP address in addition to the client's IP address.

Depending on how it's been configured based on the configuration, a forward proxy could offer a range of features which allow you to:

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  Beware of tracking ads.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can identify limitations based on your location.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used in systems that provide central security as well as access permissions, like at work. Internet traffic can be routed by an open forward proxy. administrators are able to grant access for specific users to the internet, and this is blocked by the typical firewall. Instead of having firewalls at this layer of client, this can be used by several computer systems with different settings and users, a firewall could be located in this forward proxy layer.

It is important to know that forward proxy servers must be set up manually for the use of them, but reverse proxy servers will not be noticed by users. Depending on whether the IP address of a client is transmitted to the original server via the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity can be granted or kept in the dark.

There are many possibilities to think about in the case of forward proxies.

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  Apache is a well-known open-source web server, which offers forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Nginx is another well-known open-source web server with forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid is an Open Source Forward Proxy which utilizes an HTTP protocol. It's not part of the entire web server. There is a step-bystep guide for setting up Squid proxy for secure connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which makes it better suited for cases like peer-to-peer traffic. You could also examine how you can install an Dante proxy that allows private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy functions as an intermediary between web servers, which handles incoming requests from clients in its place. It can be used as a single server or multiple servers. Furthermore, it could contain an application server such as Gunicorn. In any case it is possible to receive a request from a customer through the internet at large. In the majority of cases the request will be sent directly to the web server hosting the data the client is asking for. Instead, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary in order to block your website server from communicating with the internet's users.

From the point of perspective, which is also from a user's perspective, interacting with reverse proxy isn't distinct from the interaction with the server by itself. It's functionally the same as an internet server. The user isn't able to tell the distinction. Clients can make a request for the resource and it receive it, without any extra configuration required from the user.

Reverse proxies grant features like:

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  Centralized security for web servers.
  
  
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  The direction of traffic that is incoming by using rules that you make.
  
  
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  Added functionality for caching.
  
  

While central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse-proxies do this service to only the layer of web servers, but not to the client layer. instead of maintaining firewalls at the layer of web servers, which could comprise multiple servers with different configurations, most of the firewall security is centered at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, getting rid of the necessity of connecting to a firewall and responding to requests from clients without web servers allows them to concentrate on providing the needs of their clients.

In the event of multiple servers hosting through reverse proxy the reverse proxy determines the requests towards which servers. Multiple web servers could be offering the identical service, however each offering different kinds of resources, or some combination of the two. They can utilize the HTTP protocol similarly to traditional web servers however, they could also be equipped with applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy that directs customers to specific server depending on the resource they are looking for or to adhere to specific rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxy systems can also benefit from their positioning on the top of web servers by using caching functionality. Large static assets can be set up using caching rules to ensure that web servers are not hit every time you request. Some solutions even allowing users to serve static content directly without having to connect to the web server at all. In addition, the reverse proxy can be used to manage compression of these files.

The well-known Nginx web server can also function as a popular reverse proxy service. While it's true that the Apache web server comes with reverse proxy feature, it's a different option for Apache and not the default option. Nginx was initially designed and focused on reverse proxy functionality.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use - Situations

Since "forward" and "reverse" are associated with a sense of directionality and misleading comparisons to "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both types of proxies manage requests and responses. An alternative approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to take into account the requirements of the app you're building.

Reverse proxy is a crucial element when designing a solution to deliver web applications to the internet. They serve as your web servers for any interaction on the internet.

Forward proxy software is beneficial when it is put in front of customers for personal use or in a workplace. They can be used to represent the traffic of your client when you interact with the internet.

Utilizing case-based differentiation rather than focusing exclusively on naming conventions that are commonplace will help you not become confused.

Conclusion

This article clarified what a "proxy" is, with the two main kinds of them being reverse and forward proxies. Practical applications and a review of the beneficial features was used to differentiate forward proxies as well as reverse proxy. If you're interested exploring how to set up proxies, check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as a web server and reverse proxy to Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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