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The word "proxy" is a reference to the fact that a proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is a software that serves as an intermediary between a client and server on the internet. Without the need for proxy servers, a user could submit a request for the server directly, and then the server would provide direct access to that resource. While this is a simple method to comprehend and implement using proxy servers, it could provide advantages in terms of improved performance, privacy, security, and much more. In addition, a pass-through, a proxy acts as a security guardian for the internet, separating clients from servers.

The combined mix of hardware for servers as well as proxy software is often known as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are typically described as software as well as being used in conjunction with web servers. The article will offer details of two main types: that is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the similar namesake convention.

This article will give you the understanding of what subtypes and proxies can do and how they can perform in the most commonly used configurations. After having read this article, you'll be able identify instances where the use of proxies is advantageous, and then choose the best choice between forward proxy and reverse proxy depending on the situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy also referred to as open proxy. An open proxy is an agent used by users who are seeking to make an online request to a source server. In this scenario, the entire process of sending requests from the client is instead routed through an forward proxy. Forward proxy acting in place of the client will scrutinize the request. It first decides if the client is authorized to send requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then reject requests or redirect them to the server that originally made the request. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly. It is able to access only the information that forward proxy enables it to connect to.

The most common reason for using forward proxy is the need for more privacy or security online. A forward proxy links to internet, not the client, and in this process, it uses an IP address different from the IP address of the client.

Based on how it has been configured, the forward proxy will offer various functions based upon the way it's configured and lets you:

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  Beware of ads-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions that are based on your area.
  
  

Forward proxies are also utilized in systems that offer security centrally and access based on user permissions such as in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy the administrator can restrict access to only certain clients to the internet. This is then filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls at clients, the layer may comprise multiple computers with different settings and users the firewall could be placed at the layer that forwards proxy data.

It is important to be aware of the fact that forward proxies must be manually set up for use, and reverse proxies can be ignored in the eyes of the user. Based on the type of IP address a user is transmitted to the server that originated it by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or hidden.

There are a variety of possibilities to consider in the case of forward proxy options:

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  Apache is an well-known open-source web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx is another well-known open-source web server with the ability to forward-proxy.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. It isn't part of the entire webserver system. We have a tutorial on how you can use Squid proxy to enable private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer traffic. You can also learn how to configure Dante proxy to allow private connections to Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is the agent of a web server that manages requests from users for. The web server can be a single server or even multiple servers. It could also serve as an application server, such as Gunicorn. In all cases, the request will be made via the internet in general. In most cases the request will be transmitted straight to the webserver hosting the resources that the user is looking for. A reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, detaching this webserver from direct interactions with the internet's open.

From the viewpoint of a user the experience of working with reverse proxy is no different from interacting with your website server directly. It's basically the same, but the client can't discern the distinction. A client submits an order for an item and gets it without any additional configuration needed for the customer.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Security centralized to web server.
  
  
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  The direction of traffic that is incoming based on rules that you can establish.
  
  
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  The caching functionality is now available to users.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers, reverse proxy services provide this benefit only to the server layer, and not the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls that are on the web servers layer that may contain multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is placed on the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, removing the burden of dealing with firewalls and interacting with requests from customers who don't have web servers lets them concentrate on the requirements of their clients.

When there's multiple servers operating as a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also accountable for directing the requests directed to which servers. There could be multiple web servers offering the identical service, however each offering different kinds of resources or a mixture of both. They can utilize their HTTP protocol to operate as a normal web server, however they also can be outfitted with application server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to create reverse proxy servers to redirect users to specific servers based on the request for resource, or adhere to certain rules regarding the volume of traffic.

Reverse proxies also benefit from their position on top of web servers, as they have the ability to store data. Massive static resources can be created by using caching rules in order to prevent the web server from being hit with each request. Some solutions allowing users to upload static files directly without having to connect to the web server in any way. Furthermore reverse proxy can be used to handle compressing these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server is also used as a well-known reverse proxy option. Even though Apache has a reverse proxy service but Apache is a reverse proxy service. Apache web server also has reverse proxy capability as an extra option for Apache however Nginx was originally designed and focused specifically on reverse proxy features.

The difference between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Examples

Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with an impression of directionality, and false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic and can be confusing as both types of proxies handle the process of responding to requests. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to examine the requirements of the application that you're constructing.

A reverse proxy could be useful in the development of a solution to provide web-based services over the internet. They serve as your web servers whenever you use the web.

Forward proxy can be useful when it is placed before clients to use for personal purposes, or in a work setting. Forward proxy is a representation of the traffic of your client when you interact with the internet.

The use of case-based distinction instead of focussing on commonly used naming conventions can assist in avoidance of confusion.

Conclusion

The article delineated the definition of a proxy by comparing the two primary types that are forward as well as the reverse one. Examples of practical use and a discussion of most useful features were utilized to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy. If you're interested in learning more about the advantages of proxy servers, you can follow our guide on how to set up Nginx as an Internet server and reverse proxy for Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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