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It is an proxy is also referred to as a proxy server is software that sits as a mediator between a client and server over the internet. Without a proxy, a client would make a request the resource directly to the server and it would then serve direct to users who requested the resource. While this approach is straightforward to comprehend and implement, using proxies provides advantages such as greater performance and privacy, security and much more. In addition to passing between, it serves as a security guard for the internet between clients and servers.

The majority of people agree it is the case that the mix of servers hardware with installed proxy software is often called proxy servers. In this article, we will focus on proxies typically described as software as and those utilized to work in conjunction using web servers. This article will give a detailed breakdown of two kinds of proxies which are one that is a forward proxy and a reverse proxy. Each has its own use case that is frequently confused due to the similar namesake convention.

This article will provide you with some understanding about what proxies are and what their subtypes, and the ways they can be useful for the most common setups. By reading this article you'll be able discern the scenarios that a proxy could be beneficial, and decide on the appropriate choice for forward proxy or reverse proxy for any particular situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy, also known in the form of the open proxy is the representative of a client who is trying to route an internet request to an origin server. In this scenario, it's the case that all requests from the client will be sent to through the forward proxy. In this case, the forward proxy in place of the client will examine the request. In the beginning, it will determine if the client is allowed to send requests via this specific forward proxy. Then, it decides to deny the request or send it back to its original server. It's not able to direct connection via the Internet. It is only able to access the information the forward proxy permits it access to.

A common reason for using forward proxies is for more privacy or protection online. Forward proxy utilizes the internet as a personal client. In this way, it could utilize a different IP address in opposition to the IP address that is used by the client.

Based on the way it was established in the past, forward proxy servers can give you a variety of choices, allowing you to:

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  Beware of ads that track you.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Establish restrictions based on the place of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used in systems that provide central security and permit-based access, such as at work. In the event that all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy, an administrator is able to grant only a handful of users access to the internet, which is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls on the layer of clients, which can include multiple machines with different user and environment the firewall could be installed on the layer that forwards proxy traffic.

Keep in mind that forward proxy servers have to be manually setup to be used, while reverse proxies can be not recognized by clients. Based on the fact that the IP address of the client is transmitted to the server that originated it via the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity can be granted or made transparent.

There are a myriad of choices to think about in the case of forward proxies:

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  Apache An open source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx A renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses it's HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide an entire web server service. Check out our guide on the best way to setup Squid proxy for connection with private networks in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP, making it better suited for scenarios like peer-to-peer communication. It is also possible to know how to set up the Dante proxy for private connections within Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is a representation of a server on the internet that manages requests from customers on its behalf. The web server may represent a single or multiple servers. Furthermore, it could be an application server like Gunicorn. For any one of these situations the request may come from a client through the web at large. The majority of the time, the request will be directed directly to the web server, along with the information the user is looking for. The reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, and blocks your website server from any interaction with the internet.

From the perspective of a customer from a user's point of view reverse proxy isn't any different than communicating with your webserver directly. It's basically the same, and the client can't tell the difference. Client requests a resource, and then receives it, with no extra configuration required by the end-user.

Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide some features, including:

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  Centrally secured for Web Server Layer.
  
  
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  The sending of traffic in accordance with rules you set up.
  
  
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  Additional features to cache data.
  
  

Although central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse proxy providers provide this benefit to only the server layer, not to the layer that connects to the client. Instead of the need to maintain firewalls in the web server layer that may contain multiple servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security is centered in the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation of interacting with firewalls and responding to requests from clients who aren't connected to web servers allows firewalls to concentrate on serving the requirements of their clients.

If there are multiple servers that are connected to a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also takes care of the way requests are handled on which server. There could be multiple web servers running on the same server, serving different types of resources, or a combination of both. These servers may use the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server. They can also use applications server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to send users to specific servers based on the kind of resource they are seeking, or to comply with certain rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies also profit by their position before web servers by delivering the capacity of caching. Large static assets can be set up using caching rules to prevent having to connect to web servers with each request, with certain solutions giving the option to serve static files directly without having to connect to the web server even once. Furthermore reverse proxy can handle the compression of these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server is also a well-known reverse proxy feature. Although it, Apache web server, it's also equipped with a reverse proxy features however it's an additional feature available only for Apache while Nginx was initially designed for and specifically designed for reverse proxy functionality.

Differentiating Forward and reverse proxy Utilizing Differentiation of Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use

Due to the fact that "forward" and "reverse" come with connotations of directionality and false connections to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both kinds of proxy can be used to respond to requests as well as responses. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the requirements of the application you're creating.

Reverse proxy is beneficial in the development of a system to deliver web-based applications on the internet. They act as your servers whenever you connect to the internet.

Forward proxy is beneficial when they are used before a client for your personal use or in a work environment. They represent your client traffic whenever you use the internet.

A distinction that is based on the use cases instead of focusing exclusively on similar naming conventions can assist you in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article provides the definition of a proxy, which includes two major types of proxy: the forward one and reverse proxy. Practical application scenarios and a review of the beneficial features was utilized to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxy services, then you can check out our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as a reverse proxy and webserver proxy using Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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