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A proxy is also known as proxy server software which serves in the role of a mediator a client and server over the internet. Without an intermediary the user would an inquiry directly to the server and the server would then serve the requested resource directly to the user. Although this is a simple process to understand and apply the addition of proxies can bring benefits like increased speed and privacy, and many more. In addition to adding a layer of security proxy servers also serve as a security guardian of the internet between users and servers.




In general, the bundled package of servers that have installed proxy software is usually referred to by the name proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies traditionally defined as software and within the context of web servers. We will provide a brief overview of the two primary types: one being forward proxy and the other being a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a distinct use, which could be difficult due to the similar namesake convention.




This article will equip you with the knowledge of what proxy services and their subtypes are, as well as the ways that they can be helpful for the most common setups. In this article you'll be aware of the situations where you could benefit from a proxy and choose the best option the case of forward or reverse proxy in any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy also known by the name of an open proxy, acts as the agent of a client who wishes to send requests via the internet to a server that originated it. In this scenario it is the scenario that all requests made by the client will be directed directly through forward proxy. This forward proxy acting in place on behalf of client take a look into the request. At first, it will decide whether the client is authorized to make requests via this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either deny requests or redirect them to the server that originated it. The client is not allowed an internet connection directly; it will only be capable of accessing the data that forward-proxy allows its connection to.




One of the most popular reasons for using forward proxy is the desire for greater privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy has the ability to connect to the internet as the client. In this process, it uses an additional IP address as opposed to your client's IP address.




Depending on how it's been set up, and the configuration forward proxy could perform a variety of tasks and the capability to:




Beware of ads-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can spot limitations based on your geographic location.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems of centralized security and access is based on permissions, such as at work. In the event that all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy, an administrator can restrict access to only certain users to the internet via the common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer which could contain multiple devices with different configurations and users, a firewall can be placed at the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxies must be manually set up to work, whereas reverse proxies can go unnoticed by the client. The type of IP address of the client, when it is sent to the origin server via forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or not.




There are numerous options to investigate for forward proxies:




Apache is a well-known open-source webserver that provides forward proxy options.


Nginx A renowned open-source webserver with forward proxy capability.


Squid is an open source forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire web server application. It is possible to refer to our instructions on how to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol in place of HTTP which makes it better suited for certain scenarios like peer-to-peer connections. You can also learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections with Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy functions as an agent for a web server and manages incoming requests from clients in its place. Web servers can function as a single server, or a number of servers. It could also serve as an app server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations the request will come from a user on the internet in general. The majority of the time the request will be directed directly to a webserver that has all the resources that the user is seeks. However, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, protecting the webserver from direct interactions with the internet.




From the perspective of a user an individual's point of view the procedure of using reverse proxy is not any different from working with the Web server itself. It's essentially the same thing, however the client cannot discern the difference. Client makes a request for a resource, which is followed by receiving it without any additional configuration needed on the part of the client.




Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide some features, including:




Security centralized for web servers.


Directing incoming traffic based on rules that you can set up.


The caching feature was added to the application.




While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxies provide this benefit to Web layer servers and not to the layer that clients use. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on Web server layers, which can include multiple servers with different configurations, the majority of firewall security is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation to interface with a firewall and interacting with requests made by clients through web servers enables them to focus on providing resources.




In the case of multiple servers operating behind a reverse proxy, it also manages how requests are routed which server. There are many web servers providing the exact same service, each serving various kinds of resources or a combination of both. They may employ the HTTP protocol to perform the role of a standard web server, but they can also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy services to redirect clients to certain servers according to the resource requested, or to observe specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their placement in front of web servers by virtue of caching. The large static files can be arranged by caching rules so that they don't have to communicate with web servers for every request. There are solutions that offer the possibility of serving directly static assets, without needing to connect to the web server in any way. Additionally, the reverse proxy can handle compression of the assets.




The well-known Nginx webserver is an efficient reverse proxy service. While you can use it, the Apache web server, it also comes with reverse proxy, which is an added feature of Apache which is in contrast to Nginx was initially designed for and focuses on reverse proxy functionality.



The distinction between Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use. The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic the labels can be confusing as both kinds of proxy services are able to handle requests as well as respond. A better approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to look at the requirements of the app you're developing.




A reverse proxy is a good option when you're developing an application that can serve web-based applications via the internet. They act as your web server for all interactions online.




Forward proxy software is advantageous when used in front of the client for your personal use or in a workplace setting. They represent the client's web traffic in any internet-based interaction.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing on identical naming conventions will make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



In this article, we clarified the definition of a proxy with the two primary types that are the forward and reverse proxy. Practical applications and a look at positive characteristics were utilized to define forward proxies as well as reverse proxy. If you're interested in learning more about implementation of proxies take a look at our tutorial on how to configure Nginx in a reverse proxy and internet-based server for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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